Langtang National Park was established in 1976 to conserve the unique flora and fauna of the region. It is the nearest national park to the capital Kathmandu in the Central Himalayan Region at the Nepal-China (Tibet) border. The Langtang area is best known for its pristine forests, high-elevation meadows of wild sheep, Tibetan-like culture, and lovely mountain views. The name "Langtang" comes from the story of the ancient Buddhist lama who followed his lost yak into the valley; "Lang" means "yak" and "Tang" means "follow". 

Langtang is one of Nepal's unspoiled national parks, covering an area of 1,710 km2 and ranging in altitude from 1500 m to the summit of Mt. Langtang Lirung at 7246 m. As a result, the park has immense ecological diversity, with small communities scattered along the valley walls. Established in 1976 as Nepal's first Himalayan National Park, Langtang covers three districts: Rasuwa, Nuwakot, and Sindhupalchowk. Langtang has over 70 glaciers of varying sizes, the Langtang and Ganesh Himal mountain ranges, and high-altitude lakes including Gosainkunda, Parvatikunda, Bhairavkunda, and Dudhkunda.

The park lies at the pinnacle as the meeting point between Indo-Malayan and Paleo-Arctic realms, which are embellished with the important ecosystems of both realms as conservation priorities. Langtang represents a good spectrum of vegetation types and an altitude range between 1000 m and 7245 m. Landscapes produced by the complex topography, geological settings, and altitude can be experienced by walking three days from the Bhotekoshi River to Langsisa. Being the nearest Himalayan Park from the capital city of Kathmandu, it is the third most popular trekking destination among all protected areas in Nepal. The park's rich vegetation is characterised by the Sal (Shorea robusta) forest in the southern section of the park, and it is gradually taken over by hill forest (2000–2600 m) consisting of Chirpine, Rhododendrons, and Nepalese alder. The temperate zone (2600–3000 m) is covered mainly by oak forest, fading to old-growth forests of silver fir, hemlock, and larch in the lower subalpine zone (3000–3600m). The Nepalese larch, the only deciduous conifer in the region, is found in the park and a few elsewhere. Tree species birch, silver fir, Sorbus, and twisted Rhododendron are found near the tree line. All the 4000 m elevation, juniper, and Rhododendron shrubs (R. anthopogon) slowly dissolve into the expansive alpine grassland meadows.

The park is also well known for its populations of Red Panda, Himalayan black bear, Snow Leopard, wild dog, Ghoral, serow, and more than 250 species of birds.